change language scope

scripts/sync-i18n-locales.ts

@@ -7,21 +7,15 @@
 import fs from 'fs'
 import path from 'path'
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'url'
-import ar from '../src/i18n/locales/ar'
+import cs from '../src/i18n/locales/cs'
 import de from '../src/i18n/locales/de'
 import en from '../src/i18n/locales/en'
 import es from '../src/i18n/locales/es'
-import fa from '../src/i18n/locales/fa'
 import fr from '../src/i18n/locales/fr'
-import hi from '../src/i18n/locales/hi'
-import it from '../src/i18n/locales/it'
-import ja from '../src/i18n/locales/ja'
-import ko from '../src/i18n/locales/ko'
+import nl from '../src/i18n/locales/nl'
 import pl from '../src/i18n/locales/pl'
-import pt_BR from '../src/i18n/locales/pt-BR'
-import pt_PT from '../src/i18n/locales/pt-PT'
 import ru from '../src/i18n/locales/ru'
-import th from '../src/i18n/locales/th'
+import tr from '../src/i18n/locales/tr'
 import zh from '../src/i18n/locales/zh'
 
 const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
@@ -41,22 +35,16 @@ function loadOverrides(localeFile: string): Record<string, string> {
 }
 
 const PACKAGES: { file: string; translation: Record<string, string>; header?: string }[] = [
-  { file: 'ar.ts', translation: ar.translation },
+  { file: 'cs.ts', translation: cs.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
   { file: 'de.ts', translation: de.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
   { file: 'en.ts', translation: en.translation },
-  { file: 'es.ts', translation: es.translation },
-  { file: 'fa.ts', translation: fa.translation },
-  { file: 'fr.ts', translation: fr.translation },
-  { file: 'hi.ts', translation: hi.translation },
-  { file: 'it.ts', translation: it.translation },
-  { file: 'ja.ts', translation: ja.translation },
-  { file: 'ko.ts', translation: ko.translation },
-  { file: 'pl.ts', translation: pl.translation },
-  { file: 'pt-BR.ts', translation: pt_BR.translation },
-  { file: 'pt-PT.ts', translation: pt_PT.translation },
-  { file: 'ru.ts', translation: ru.translation },
-  { file: 'th.ts', translation: th.translation },
-  { file: 'zh.ts', translation: zh.translation }
+  { file: 'es.ts', translation: es.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'fr.ts', translation: fr.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'nl.ts', translation: nl.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'pl.ts', translation: pl.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'ru.ts', translation: ru.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'tr.ts', translation: tr.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' },
+  { file: 'zh.ts', translation: zh.translation, header: '// NOTE: Untranslated strings fall back to English.\n' }
 ]
 
 function walk(dir: string, acc: string[] = []): string[] {

services/piper-tts-proxy/server.ts

@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ function detectLanguage(text: string): string {
  * To see available voices, check the piper-data folder or Wyoming server logs.
  */
 function getVoiceForLanguage(lang: string): string {
-  // Common voice mappings - adjust based on available voices in your piper-data directory
+  // Voice map keys / ids: keep in sync with `src/lib/trinity-languages.ts` (`TRINITY_PIPER_VOICE`).
   const voiceMap: Record<string, string> = {
     'en': 'en_US-lessac-medium', // Default English voice
     'de': 'de_DE-thorsten-medium', // German

src/components/AdvancedEventLab/AdvancedEventLabDialog.tsx

@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ import {
 import logger from '@/lib/logger'
 import { isLanguageToolConfigured } from '@/lib/languagetool-client'
 import { languageToolLintExtension, requestAdvancedLabGrammarLint } from '@/lib/languagetool-cm-linter'
+import { pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget } from '@/lib/languagetool-language-order'
+import { LanguageSelectOptionLines } from '@/lib/language-select-option-lines'
 import {
-  buildLanguageToolPreferenceList,
-  pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget
-} from '@/lib/languagetool-language-order'
+  buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList,
+  filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing
+} from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
 import { parseLabSlice, type AdvancedEventLabSlice } from '@/lib/advanced-event-lab-slice'
 import { translateAdvancedLabMarkup } from '@/lib/advanced-lab-markup-protect'
 import {
@@ -467,22 +469,21 @@ export default function AdvancedEventLabDialog({
     }
   }, [open, initial, pushLabCheckpoint, bumpUndoUi])
 
+  const [translateLangs, setTranslateLangs] = useState<TranslateLanguageOption[]>([])
   const ltList = useMemo(
-    () => buildLanguageToolPreferenceList(i18nLanguage ?? i18n.language),
-    [i18nLanguage, i18n.language]
+    () => buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList(i18nLanguage ?? i18n.language, translateLangs),
+    [i18nLanguage, i18n.language, translateLangs]
   )
   const [ltLang, setLtLang] = useState(() => ltList[0] ?? 'en-US')
   const ltLangRef = useRef(ltLang)
   ltLangRef.current = ltLang
-  const [translateLangs, setTranslateLangs] = useState<TranslateLanguageOption[]>([])
   const [translateLoad, setTranslateLoad] = useState<'idle' | 'loading' | 'ready' | 'empty' | 'error'>('idle')
   const [translateSource, setTranslateSource] = useState('auto')
   const [translateTarget, setTranslateTarget] = useState('en')
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (open) {
-      setLtLang(ltList[0] ?? 'en-US')
-    }
+    if (!open) return
+    setLtLang((prev) => (ltList.includes(prev) ? prev : ltList[0] ?? 'en-US'))
   }, [open, ltList])
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -502,14 +503,15 @@ export default function AdvancedEventLabDialog({
     void fetchTranslateLanguages()
       .then((list) => {
         if (cancelled) return
-        if (!list.length) {
+        const filtered = filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing(list)
+        if (!filtered.length) {
           setTranslateLangs([])
           setTranslateLoad('empty')
           return
         }
-        setTranslateLangs(list)
+        setTranslateLangs(filtered)
         setTranslateSource('auto')
-        const codes = list.map((l) => l.code)
+        const codes = filtered.map((l) => l.code)
         const tgt = codes.includes('en') ? 'en' : codes[0]!
         setTranslateTarget(tgt)
         setTranslateLoad('ready')
@@ -790,13 +792,13 @@ export default function AdvancedEventLabDialog({
                     setLtLang(code)
                   }}
                 >
-                  <SelectTrigger id="lt-lang" className="w-[220px]">
+                  <SelectTrigger id="lt-lang" className="min-w-[220px] max-w-md w-auto">
                     <SelectValue />
                   </SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectContent className="max-h-64">
+                  <SelectContent className="max-h-64 min-w-[var(--radix-select-trigger-width)]">
                     {ltList.map((code) => (
                       <SelectItem key={code} value={code}>
-                        {code}
+                        <LanguageSelectOptionLines tag={code} />
                       </SelectItem>
                     ))}
                   </SelectContent>
@@ -826,14 +828,14 @@ export default function AdvancedEventLabDialog({
                           }
                         }}
                       >
-                        <SelectTrigger id="tr-src" className="w-[220px]">
+                        <SelectTrigger id="tr-src" className="min-w-[220px] max-w-md w-auto">
                           <SelectValue />
                         </SelectTrigger>
-                        <SelectContent className="max-h-64">
+                        <SelectContent className="max-h-64 min-w-[var(--radix-select-trigger-width)]">
                           <SelectItem value="auto">{t('Advanced lab translation source auto')}</SelectItem>
                           {translateLangs.map((l) => (
                             <SelectItem key={l.code} value={l.code}>
-                              {l.name} ({l.code})
+                              <LanguageSelectOptionLines tag={l.code} />
                             </SelectItem>
                           ))}
                         </SelectContent>
@@ -854,13 +856,13 @@ export default function AdvancedEventLabDialog({
                           }
                         }}
                       >
-                        <SelectTrigger id="tr-tgt" className="w-[220px]">
+                        <SelectTrigger id="tr-tgt" className="min-w-[220px] max-w-md w-auto">
                           <SelectValue />
                         </SelectTrigger>
-                        <SelectContent className="max-h-64">
+                        <SelectContent className="max-h-64 min-w-[var(--radix-select-trigger-width)]">
                           {translateLangs.map((l) => (
                             <SelectItem key={l.code} value={l.code}>
-                              {l.name} ({l.code})
+                              <LanguageSelectOptionLines tag={l.code} />
                             </SelectItem>
                           ))}
                         </SelectContent>

src/components/NoteOptions/useMenuActions.tsx

@@ -62,8 +62,14 @@ import {
   eventHasTranslatableTextBody,
   translateNoteForDisplay
 } from '@/lib/translate-note-for-menu'
-import { isTranslateConfigured } from '@/lib/translate-client'
-import { LocalizedLanguageNames, SUPPORTED_APP_LANGUAGE_CODES, type TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
+import {
+  fetchTranslateLanguages,
+  isTranslateConfigured,
+  type TranslateLanguageOption
+} from '@/lib/translate-client'
+import { languageSelectSingleLine } from '@/lib/language-display-meta'
+import { LanguageSelectOptionLines } from '@/lib/language-select-option-lines'
+import { filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing } from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
 import { useMemo, useState, useEffect, useRef, useContext, useSyncExternalStore } from 'react'
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import { toast } from 'sonner'
@@ -162,6 +168,22 @@ export function useMenuActions({
     () => getNoteTranslation(event.id)
   )
 
+  const [translateMenuOptions, setTranslateMenuOptions] = useState<TranslateLanguageOption[]>([])
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isTranslateConfigured()) {
+      setTranslateMenuOptions([])
+      return
+    }
+    let cancelled = false
+    void fetchTranslateLanguages().then((list) => {
+      if (cancelled) return
+      setTranslateMenuOptions(filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing(list))
+    })
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true
+    }
+  }, [])
+
   // Check if event is pinned
   const [isPinned, setIsPinned] = useState(false)
 
@@ -831,6 +853,7 @@ export function useMenuActions({
 
     const noteSupportsTranslateMenu =
       isTranslateConfigured() &&
+      translateMenuOptions.length > 0 &&
       (eventHasTranslatableTextBody(event) || articleHasTranslatableTitle(event))
 
     const translateTargetSubmenu: SubMenuAction[] = noteSupportsTranslateMenu
@@ -843,23 +866,26 @@ export function useMenuActions({
               toast.success(t('Showing original note text'))
             }
           },
-          ...SUPPORTED_APP_LANGUAGE_CODES.map(
-            (code: TLanguage, i): SubMenuAction => ({
-              label: LocalizedLanguageNames[code],
+          ...translateMenuOptions.map(
+            (opt, i): SubMenuAction => ({
+              label: <LanguageSelectOptionLines tag={opt.code} compact />,
               separator: i === 0,
               onClick: () => {
                 closeDrawer()
                 void toast.promise(
-                  translateNoteForDisplay(event, code).then((out) => {
+                  translateNoteForDisplay(event, opt.code).then((out) => {
                     setNoteTranslation(event.id, {
-                      lang: code,
+                      lang: opt.code,
+                      langLabel: languageSelectSingleLine(opt.code),
                       content: out.content,
                       title: out.title
                     })
                   }),
                   {
                     loading: t('Translating note…'),
-                    success: t('Note translated', { language: LocalizedLanguageNames[code] }),
+                    success: t('Note translated', {
+                      language: languageSelectSingleLine(opt.code)
+                    }),
                     error: (err: unknown) =>
                       t('Note translation failed', {
                         message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
@@ -1229,7 +1255,8 @@ export function useMenuActions({
     onOpenEditOrClone,
     canSignEvents,
     profile,
-    noteTranslationFromMenu
+    noteTranslationFromMenu,
+    translateMenuOptions
   ])
 
   return menuActions

src/i18n/index.ts

@@ -2,33 +2,18 @@ import dayjs from 'dayjs'
 import i18n, { Resource } from 'i18next'
 import LanguageDetector from 'i18next-browser-languagedetector'
 import { initReactI18next } from 'react-i18next'
+import { TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES, TRINITY_LANGUAGE_DISPLAY_NAMES } from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
 import en from './locales/en'
 
-/** Display names only — keeps this module small; locale strings load on demand (except English). */
-const LANGUAGE_META = {
-  ar: 'العربية',
-  de: 'Deutsch',
-  en: 'English',
-  es: 'Español',
-  fa: 'فارسی',
-  fr: 'Français',
-  hi: 'हिन्दी',
-  it: 'Italiano',
-  ja: '日本語',
-  ko: '한국어',
-  pl: 'Polski',
-  'pt-BR': 'Português (Brasil)',
-  'pt-PT': 'Português (Portugal)',
-  ru: 'Русский',
-  th: 'ไทย',
-  zh: '简体中文'
-} as const
+/** App UI locales with full bundles (see `trinity-languages.ts`); translate menus use Libre+LT from the API. */
+const LANGUAGE_META = TRINITY_LANGUAGE_DISPLAY_NAMES
 
 export type TLanguage = keyof typeof LANGUAGE_META
 
 export const LocalizedLanguageNames: { [key in TLanguage]: string } = { ...LANGUAGE_META }
 
-const supportedLanguages = Object.keys(LANGUAGE_META) as TLanguage[]
+/** Same codes as {@link TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES} — stable order for every language dropdown. */
+const supportedLanguages = [...TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES] as TLanguage[]
 
 /** App UI languages (same set used for “Translate to …” in note menus). */
 export const SUPPORTED_APP_LANGUAGE_CODES: readonly TLanguage[] = supportedLanguages
@@ -82,25 +67,17 @@ export function initI18n(): Promise<void> {
     i18n.services.formatter?.add('date', (timestamp, lng) => {
       switch (lng) {
         case 'zh':
-        case 'ja':
           return dayjs(timestamp).format('YYYY年MM月DD日')
         case 'pl':
         case 'de':
         case 'ru':
+        case 'cs':
           return dayjs(timestamp).format('DD.MM.YYYY')
-        case 'fa':
-          return dayjs(timestamp).format('YYYY/MM/DD')
-        case 'it':
         case 'es':
         case 'fr':
-        case 'pt-BR':
-        case 'pt-PT':
-        case 'ar':
-        case 'hi':
-        case 'th':
+        case 'nl':
+        case 'tr':
           return dayjs(timestamp).format('DD/MM/YYYY')
-        case 'ko':
-          return dayjs(timestamp).format('YYYY년 MM월 DD일')
         default:
           return dayjs(timestamp).format('MMM D, YYYY')
       }

src/lib/language-display-meta.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { getLanguageDisplayParts, languageSelectSingleLine } from '@/lib/language-display-meta'
+
+describe('getLanguageDisplayParts', () => {
+  it('uses the static map for German', () => {
+    const p = getLanguageDisplayParts('de')
+    expect(p.codeLabel).toBe('de')
+    expect(p.englishName).toBe('German')
+    expect(p.nativeName).toBe('Deutsch')
+  })
+
+  it('uses regional map entries for LanguageTool-style tags', () => {
+    const p = getLanguageDisplayParts('de-DE')
+    expect(p.englishName).toBe('German (Germany)')
+    expect(p.nativeName).toBe('Deutsch (Deutschland)')
+  })
+
+  it('formats a single-line label', () => {
+    expect(languageSelectSingleLine('tr')).toContain('Turkish')
+    expect(languageSelectSingleLine('tr')).toContain('Türkçe')
+  })
+})

src/lib/language-display-meta.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+/**
+ * Canonical ISO-639-style language labels (English + endonym) for selection UI.
+ * {@link getLanguageDisplayParts} falls back to `Intl.DisplayNames` when a code is missing here.
+ *
+ * JSX: {@link LanguageSelectOptionLines} in `language-select-option-lines.tsx` (this file stays `.ts`
+ * so extensionless imports resolve cleanly under Vite).
+ */
+import { normalizeTranslateLangCode } from '@/lib/translate-client'
+
+/** Lowercase keys: ISO 639-1 base, or BCP47 tag for regional overrides. */
+export const LANGUAGE_TRIPLE_BY_LOWER_KEY: Record<string, { english: string; native: string }> =
+  Object.fromEntries(
+    (
+      [
+        ['en', 'English', 'English'],
+        ['de', 'German', 'Deutsch'],
+        ['fr', 'French', 'Français'],
+        ['es', 'Spanish', 'español'],
+        ['it', 'Italian', 'italiano'],
+        ['pt', 'Portuguese', 'português'],
+        ['pt-br', 'Portuguese (Brazil)', 'português (Brasil)'],
+        ['pt-pt', 'Portuguese (Portugal)', 'português (Portugal)'],
+        ['pl', 'Polish', 'polski'],
+        ['ru', 'Russian', 'русский'],
+        ['uk', 'Ukrainian', 'українська'],
+        ['nl', 'Dutch', 'Nederlands'],
+        ['sv', 'Swedish', 'svenska'],
+        ['da', 'Danish', 'dansk'],
+        ['no', 'Norwegian', 'norsk'],
+        ['nb', 'Norwegian Bokmål', 'norsk bokmål'],
+        ['nn', 'Norwegian Nynorsk', 'nynorsk'],
+        ['fi', 'Finnish', 'suomi'],
+        ['el', 'Greek', 'Ελληνικά'],
+        ['tr', 'Turkish', 'Türkçe'],
+        ['ar', 'Arabic', 'العربية'],
+        ['he', 'Hebrew', 'עברית'],
+        ['hi', 'Hindi', 'हिन्दी'],
+        ['ja', 'Japanese', '日本語'],
+        ['ko', 'Korean', '한국어'],
+        ['zh', 'Chinese', '中文'],
+        ['zh-cn', 'Chinese (Simplified)', '简体中文'],
+        ['zh-tw', 'Chinese (Traditional)', '繁體中文'],
+        ['zh-hans', 'Chinese (Simplified)', '简体中文'],
+        ['zh-hant', 'Chinese (Traditional)', '繁體中文'],
+        ['fa', 'Persian', 'فارسی'],
+        ['th', 'Thai', 'ไทย'],
+        ['vi', 'Vietnamese', 'Tiếng Việt'],
+        ['ro', 'Romanian', 'română'],
+        ['cs', 'Czech', 'čeština'],
+        ['sk', 'Slovak', 'slovenčina'],
+        ['hu', 'Hungarian', 'magyar'],
+        ['sl', 'Slovenian', 'slovenščina'],
+        ['hr', 'Croatian', 'hrvatski'],
+        ['sr', 'Serbian', 'српски'],
+        ['bg', 'Bulgarian', 'български'],
+        ['lt', 'Lithuanian', 'lietuvių'],
+        ['lv', 'Latvian', 'latviešu'],
+        ['et', 'Estonian', 'eesti'],
+        ['ca', 'Catalan', 'català'],
+        ['gl', 'Galician', 'galego'],
+        ['tl', 'Tagalog', 'Tagalog'],
+        ['id', 'Indonesian', 'Bahasa Indonesia'],
+        ['ms', 'Malay', 'Bahasa Melayu'],
+        ['ta', 'Tamil', 'தமிழ்'],
+        ['te', 'Telugu', 'తెలుగు'],
+        ['mr', 'Marathi', 'मराठी'],
+        ['bn', 'Bengali', 'বাংলা'],
+        ['gu', 'Gujarati', 'ગુજરાતી'],
+        ['kn', 'Kannada', 'ಕನ್ನಡ'],
+        ['ml', 'Malayalam', 'മലയാളം'],
+        ['pa', 'Punjabi', 'ਪੰਜਾਬੀ'],
+        ['or', 'Odia', 'ଓଡ଼ିଆ'],
+        ['as', 'Assamese', 'অসমীয়া'],
+        ['ne', 'Nepali', 'नेपाली'],
+        ['si', 'Sinhala', 'සිංහල'],
+        ['lo', 'Lao', 'ລາວ'],
+        ['km', 'Khmer', 'ខ្មែរ'],
+        ['my', 'Burmese', 'မြန်မာ'],
+        ['ka', 'Georgian', 'ქართული'],
+        ['hy', 'Armenian', 'հայերեն'],
+        ['az', 'Azerbaijani', 'azərbaycan'],
+        ['kk', 'Kazakh', 'қазақ тілі'],
+        ['mn', 'Mongolian', 'монгол'],
+        ['af', 'Afrikaans', 'Afrikaans'],
+        ['sw', 'Swahili', 'Kiswahili'],
+        ['zu', 'Zulu', 'isiZulu'],
+        ['xh', 'Xhosa', 'isiXhosa'],
+        ['yo', 'Yoruba', 'Yorùbá'],
+        ['ig', 'Igbo', 'Igbo'],
+        ['ha', 'Hausa', 'Hausa'],
+        ['so', 'Somali', 'Soomaali'],
+        ['am', 'Amharic', 'አማርኛ'],
+        ['ti', 'Tigrinya', 'ትግርኛ'],
+        ['om', 'Oromo', 'Afaan Oromoo'],
+        ['sn', 'Shona', 'chiShona'],
+        ['rw', 'Kinyarwanda', 'Kinyarwanda'],
+        ['mg', 'Malagasy', 'Malagasy'],
+        ['ny', 'Chichewa', 'Chichewa'],
+        ['eo', 'Esperanto', 'Esperanto'],
+        ['lb', 'Luxembourgish', 'Lëtzebuergesch'],
+        ['br', 'Breton', 'brezhoneg'],
+        ['cy', 'Welsh', 'Cymraeg'],
+        ['ga', 'Irish', 'Gaeilge'],
+        ['gd', 'Scottish Gaelic', 'Gàidhlig'],
+        ['mt', 'Maltese', 'Malti'],
+        ['is', 'Icelandic', 'íslenska'],
+        ['fo', 'Faroese', 'føroyskt'],
+        ['tk', 'Turkmen', 'Türkmençe'],
+        ['uz', 'Uzbek', 'oʻzbekcha'],
+        ['ky', 'Kyrgyz', 'кыргызча'],
+        ['tg', 'Tajik', 'тоҷикӣ'],
+        ['ps', 'Pashto', 'پښتو'],
+        ['sd', 'Sindhi', 'سنڌي'],
+        ['ur', 'Urdu', 'اردو'],
+        ['ckb', 'Central Kurdish', 'کوردی'],
+        ['ku', 'Kurdish', 'Kurdî'],
+        ['yi', 'Yiddish', 'ייִדיש'],
+        ['jv', 'Javanese', 'Basa Jawa'],
+        ['su', 'Sundanese', 'Basa Sunda'],
+        ['en-us', 'English (United States)', 'English (United States)'],
+        ['en-gb', 'English (United Kingdom)', 'English (United Kingdom)'],
+        ['de-de', 'German (Germany)', 'Deutsch (Deutschland)'],
+        ['de-at', 'German (Austria)', 'Deutsch (Österreich)'],
+        ['de-ch', 'German (Switzerland)', 'Deutsch (Schweiz)'],
+        ['fr-fr', 'French (France)', 'français (France)'],
+        ['fr-ca', 'French (Canada)', 'français (Canada)'],
+        ['es-es', 'Spanish (Spain)', 'español (España)'],
+        ['es-mx', 'Spanish (Mexico)', 'español (México)'],
+        ['it-it', 'Italian (Italy)', 'italiano (Italia)'],
+        ['ru-ru', 'Russian (Russia)', 'русский (Россия)'],
+        ['pl-pl', 'Polish (Poland)', 'polski (Polska)'],
+        ['ja-jp', 'Japanese (Japan)', '日本語 (日本)'],
+        ['ko-kr', 'Korean (South Korea)', '한국어 (대한민국)'],
+        ['cs-cz', 'Czech (Czechia)', 'čeština (Česko)'],
+        ['sk-sk', 'Slovak (Slovakia)', 'slovenčina (Slovensko)'],
+        ['uk-ua', 'Ukrainian (Ukraine)', 'українська (Україна)'],
+        ['da-dk', 'Danish (Denmark)', 'dansk (Danmark)'],
+        ['fi-fi', 'Finnish (Finland)', 'suomi (Suomi)'],
+        ['el-gr', 'Greek (Greece)', 'Ελληνικά (Ελλάδα)'],
+        ['th-th', 'Thai (Thailand)', 'ไทย (ประเทศไทย)'],
+        ['vi-vn', 'Vietnamese (Vietnam)', 'Tiếng Việt (Việt Nam)'],
+        ['ro-ro', 'Romanian (Romania)', 'română (România)'],
+        ['sl-si', 'Slovenian (Slovenia)', 'slovenščina (Slovenija)'],
+        ['hr-hr', 'Croatian (Croatia)', 'hrvatski (Hrvatska)'],
+        ['bg-bg', 'Bulgarian (Bulgaria)', 'български (България)'],
+        ['lt-lt', 'Lithuanian (Lithuania)', 'lietuvių (Lietuva)'],
+        ['lv-lv', 'Latvian (Latvia)', 'latviešu (Latvija)'],
+        ['et-ee', 'Estonian (Estonia)', 'eesti (Eesti)'],
+        ['ca-es', 'Catalan (Spain)', 'català (Espanya)'],
+        ['gl-es', 'Galician (Spain)', 'galego (España)'],
+        ['tl-ph', 'Tagalog (Philippines)', 'Tagalog (Pilipinas)'],
+        ['ms-my', 'Malay (Malaysia)', 'Bahasa Melayu (Malaysia)'],
+        ['ta-in', 'Tamil (India)', 'தமிழ் (இந்தியா)'],
+        ['te-in', 'Telugu (India)', 'తెలుగు (భారతదేశం)'],
+        ['mr-in', 'Marathi (India)', 'मराठी (भारत)'],
+        ['bn-bd', 'Bengali (Bangladesh)', 'বাংলা (বাংলাদেশ)'],
+        ['gu-in', 'Gujarati (India)', 'ગુજરાતી (ભારત)'],
+        ['kn-in', 'Kannada (India)', 'ಕನ್ನಡ (ಭಾರತ)'],
+        ['ml-in', 'Malayalam (India)', 'മലയാളം (ഇന്ത്യ)'],
+        ['pa-in', 'Punjabi (India)', 'ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਭਾਰਤ)'],
+        ['or-in', 'Odia (India)', 'ଓଡ଼ିଆ (ଭାରତ)'],
+        ['as-in', 'Assamese (India)', 'অসমীয়া (ভাৰত)'],
+        ['ne-np', 'Nepali (Nepal)', 'नेपाली (नेपाल)'],
+        ['si-lk', 'Sinhala (Sri Lanka)', 'සිංහල (ශ්‍රී ලංකාව)'],
+        ['lo-la', 'Lao (Laos)', 'ລາວ (ລາວ)'],
+        ['km-kh', 'Khmer (Cambodia)', 'ខ្មែរ (កម្ពុជា)'],
+        ['my-mm', 'Burmese (Myanmar)', 'မြန်မာ (မြန်မာ)'],
+        ['ka-ge', 'Georgian (Georgia)', 'ქართული (საქართველო)'],
+        ['hy-am', 'Armenian (Armenia)', 'հայերեն (Հայաստան)'],
+        ['kk-kz', 'Kazakh (Kazakhstan)', 'қазақ тілі (Қазақстан)'],
+        ['mn-mn', 'Mongolian (Mongolia)', 'монгол (Монгол)'],
+        ['so-so', 'Somali (Somalia)', 'Soomaali (Soomaaliya)'],
+        ['om-et', 'Oromo (Ethiopia)', 'Afaan Oromoo (Itoophiyaa)'],
+        ['sn-zw', 'Shona (Zimbabwe)', 'chiShona (Zimbabwe)'],
+        ['mg-mg', 'Malagasy (Madagascar)', 'Malagasy (Madagasikara)'],
+        ['ny-mw', 'Chichewa (Malawi)', 'Chichewa (Malaŵi)'],
+        ['br-fr', 'Breton (France)', 'brezhoneg (Frañs)'],
+        ['cy-gb', 'Welsh (United Kingdom)', 'Cymraeg (Y Deyrnas Unedig)'],
+        ['ga-ie', 'Irish (Ireland)', 'Gaeilge (Éire)'],
+        ['gd-gb', 'Scottish Gaelic (United Kingdom)', 'Gàidhlig (An Rìoghachd Aonaichte)'],
+        ['mt-mt', 'Maltese (Malta)', 'Malti (Malta)'],
+        ['is-is', 'Icelandic (Iceland)', 'íslenska (Ísland)'],
+        ['fo-fo', 'Faroese (Faroe Islands)', 'føroyskt (Føroyar)'],
+        ['tk-tm', 'Turkmen (Turkmenistan)', 'Türkmençe (Türkmenistan)'],
+        ['uz-uz', 'Uzbek (Uzbekistan)', 'oʻzbekcha (Oʻzbekiston)'],
+        ['ky-kg', 'Kyrgyz (Kyrgyzstan)', 'кыргызча (Кыргызстан)'],
+        ['tg-tj', 'Tajik (Tajikistan)', 'тоҷикӣ (Тоҷикистон)'],
+        ['ps-af', 'Pashto (Afghanistan)', 'پښتو (افغانستان)'],
+        ['sd-in', 'Sindhi (India)', 'سنڌي (انڊيا)'],
+        ['ur-pk', 'Urdu (Pakistan)', 'اردو (پاکستان)'],
+        ['ckb-iq', 'Central Kurdish (Iraq)', 'کوردی (عێراق)'],
+        ['kmr-latn', 'Northern Kurdish (Latin)', 'Kurdî (Latînî)'],
+        ['yi-001', 'Yiddish', 'ייִדיש'],
+        ['jv-latn', 'Javanese (Latin)', 'Basa Jawa (Latin)'],
+        ['su-latn', 'Sundanese (Latin)', 'Basa Sunda (Latin)'],
+        ['ar-sa', 'Arabic (Saudi Arabia)', 'العربية (المملكة العربية السعودية)'],
+        ['he-il', 'Hebrew (Israel)', 'עברית (ישראל)'],
+        ['tr-tr', 'Turkish (Türkiye)', 'Türkçe (Türkiye)'],
+        ['nl-nl', 'Dutch (Netherlands)', 'Nederlands (Nederland)'],
+        ['sv-se', 'Swedish (Sweden)', 'svenska (Sverige)'],
+        ['nb-no', 'Norwegian Bokmål (Norway)', 'norsk bokmål (Norge)'],
+        ['eu', 'Basque', 'euskara'],
+        ['sq', 'Albanian', 'shqip'],
+        ['mk', 'Macedonian', 'македонски'],
+        ['bs', 'Bosnian', 'bosanski'],
+        ['me', 'Montenegrin', 'crnogorski'],
+        ['be', 'Belarusian', 'беларуская'],
+        ['la', 'Latin', 'Latina'],
+        ['grc', 'Ancient Greek', 'Ἑλληνικά'],
+        ['haw', 'Hawaiian', 'ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi'],
+        ['mi', 'Māori', 'te reo Māori'],
+        ['sa', 'Sanskrit', 'संस्कृतम्'],
+        ['bo', 'Tibetan', 'བོད་སྐད་'],
+        ['ug', 'Uyghur', 'ئۇيغۇرچە'],
+        ['dz', 'Dzongkha', 'རྫོང་ཁ'],
+        ['nn-no', 'Norwegian Nynorsk (Norway)', 'nynorsk (Noreg)']
+      ] as [string, string, string][]
+    ).map(([k, e, n]) => [k, { english: e, native: n }] as const)
+  ) as Record<string, { english: string; native: string }>
+
+function intlEnglish(tag: string): string {
+  try {
+    return new Intl.DisplayNames('en', { type: 'language' }).of(tag.replace(/_/gu, '-')) ?? tag
+  } catch {
+    return tag
+  }
+}
+
+function intlNative(tag: string): string {
+  const bcp = tag.replace(/_/gu, '-')
+  try {
+    const v = new Intl.DisplayNames([bcp], { type: 'language' }).of(bcp)
+    if (v) return v
+    const loc = bcp.split('-')[0] ?? bcp
+    return new Intl.DisplayNames([loc], { type: 'language' }).of(loc) ?? intlEnglish(tag)
+  } catch {
+    return intlEnglish(tag)
+  }
+}
+
+function mapLookupKeys(normalizedLower: string): string[] {
+  const keys: string[] = [normalizedLower]
+  const base = normalizedLower.split(/-/u)[0] ?? normalizedLower
+  if (base !== normalizedLower) keys.push(base)
+  return keys
+}
+
+export type LanguageDisplayParts = {
+  /** ISO / BCP47 / service tag shown in UI (normalized Libre style or LT tag). */
+  codeLabel: string
+  englishName: string
+  nativeName: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param tag LibreTranslate `code`, LanguageTool tag (e.g. `de-DE`), or UI locale (`en`).
+ */
+export function getLanguageDisplayParts(tag: string): LanguageDisplayParts {
+  const raw = tag.trim()
+  if (raw.toLowerCase() === 'auto') {
+    return { codeLabel: 'auto', englishName: 'Detect language', nativeName: 'Detect language' }
+  }
+  const normalized = normalizeTranslateLangCode(raw)
+  const lower = normalized.toLowerCase().replace(/_/gu, '-')
+  const codeLabel = lower
+
+  for (const k of mapLookupKeys(lower)) {
+    const hit = LANGUAGE_TRIPLE_BY_LOWER_KEY[k]
+    if (hit) {
+      return { codeLabel, englishName: hit.english, nativeName: hit.native }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    codeLabel,
+    englishName: intlEnglish(lower),
+    nativeName: intlNative(lower)
+  }
+}
+
+/** One line: `de — German — Deutsch` */
+export function languageSelectSingleLine(tag: string): string {
+  const p = getLanguageDisplayParts(tag)
+  return `${p.codeLabel} — ${p.englishName} — ${p.nativeName}`
+}

src/lib/language-select-option-lines.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import type { ReactElement } from 'react'
+import { getLanguageDisplayParts } from '@/lib/language-display-meta'
+import { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
+
+type LinesProps = {
+  tag: string
+  /** Tighter layout for nested menus */
+  compact?: boolean
+  className?: string
+}
+
+/** Three-line block: code (mono) · English · native — for `SelectItem` / menus. */
+export function LanguageSelectOptionLines({ tag, compact, className }: LinesProps): ReactElement {
+  const p = getLanguageDisplayParts(tag)
+  return (
+    <div className={cn('flex flex-col gap-0.5 text-left', compact && 'max-w-[14rem]', className)}>
+      <span
+        className={cn(
+          'font-mono text-muted-foreground tabular-nums',
+          compact ? 'text-[10px]' : 'text-xs'
+        )}
+      >
+        {p.codeLabel}
+      </span>
+      <span className={cn('font-medium leading-tight', compact ? 'text-xs' : 'text-sm')}>
+        {p.englishName}
+      </span>
+      <span className={cn('text-muted-foreground leading-tight', compact ? 'text-[10px]' : 'text-xs')}>
+        {p.nativeName}
+      </span>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/lib/languagetool-language-order.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import {
-  buildLanguageToolPreferenceList,
   pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget,
+  translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing,
   translateTargetToLanguageToolCode
 } from '@/lib/languagetool-language-order'
+import { buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList } from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
 
 describe('translateTargetToLanguageToolCode', () => {
   it('maps ISO codes to LT variants', () => {
@@ -13,19 +14,37 @@ describe('translateTargetToLanguageToolCode', () => {
   })
 })
 
+describe('translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing', () => {
+  it('is true for mapped translate codes', () => {
+    expect(translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing('tr')).toBe(true)
+    expect(translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing('ja')).toBe(true)
+  })
+  it('is false for unknown codes', () => {
+    expect(translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing('zz')).toBe(false)
+  })
+})
+
 describe('pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget', () => {
-  it('returns mapped code when it appears in ltList', () => {
-    const lt = buildLanguageToolPreferenceList('en')
-    expect(pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget('ja', lt)).toBe('ja-JP')
+  it('returns mapped code when it appears in lab LT list', () => {
+    const lt = buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList('en', [
+      { code: 'de', name: 'German' },
+      { code: 'fr', name: 'French' }
+    ])
+    expect(pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget('de', lt)).toBe('de-DE')
   })
 })
 
-describe('buildLanguageToolPreferenceList', () => {
-  it('puts client language first then en-US then de-DE', () => {
-    const list = buildLanguageToolPreferenceList('de')
+describe('buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList', () => {
+  it('puts client language first then en-US then LT codes from translate options', () => {
+    const list = buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList('de', [
+      { code: 'fr', name: 'French' },
+      { code: 'es', name: 'Spanish' }
+    ])
     expect(list[0]).toBe('de-DE')
     expect(list[1]).toBe('en-US')
     expect(list.includes('de-DE')).toBe(true)
     expect(list.indexOf('en-US')).toBe(1)
+    expect(list.includes('fr-FR')).toBe(true)
+    expect(list.includes('es')).toBe(true)
   })
 })

src/lib/languagetool-language-order.ts

@@ -128,6 +128,14 @@ export function translateTargetToLanguageToolCode(translateCode: string): string
   return 'en-US'
 }
 
+/** True when this LibreTranslate-style code has an explicit `LT_ALIASES` mapping (not unknown→`en-US`). */
+export function translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing(translateCode: string): boolean {
+  const n = normalizeTranslateLangCode(translateCode).toLowerCase().replace(/_/gu, '-')
+  const base = n.split(/-/u)[0] ?? n
+  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(LT_ALIASES, n) ||
+    Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(LT_ALIASES, base)
+}
+
 /** Prefer a code present in `ltList` (lab grammar dropdown) when possible. */
 export function pickLanguageToolCodeForTranslateTarget(
   translateCode: string,

src/lib/note-translation-display.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-import type { TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
 import type { Event } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { useSyncExternalStore } from 'react'
 
 export type NoteTranslationEntry = {
-  lang: TLanguage
+  /** LibreTranslate `target` code (from `/languages`). */
+  lang: string
+  /** Human label from the translate service (read-aloud fallback when not an app UI locale). */
+  langLabel?: string
   content: string
   /** When present, replaces or inserts a `title` tag (articles, discussions, web bookmarks). */
   title?: string

src/lib/piper-voice-for-app-language.ts

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-import type { TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
-
-/**
- * Piper voice ids aligned with the default Wyoming / `piper-tts-proxy` stock models
- * (see `services/piper-tts-proxy/server.ts` `getVoiceForLanguage`).
- * App locales without a dedicated model use {@link PIPER_FALLBACK_ENGLISH_VOICE}.
- */
-const PIPER_VOICE_BY_APP_LANGUAGE: Partial<Record<TLanguage, string>> = {
-  en: 'en_US-lessac-medium',
-  de: 'de_DE-thorsten-medium',
-  fr: 'fr_FR-siwis-medium',
-  es: 'es_ES-davefx-medium',
-  ru: 'ru_RU-ruslan-medium',
-  zh: 'zh_CN-huayan-medium',
-  pl: 'pl_PL-darkman-medium'
-}
-
-export const PIPER_FALLBACK_ENGLISH_VOICE = 'en_US-lessac-medium'
-
-export function getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage(lang: TLanguage): {
-  voice: string
-  usedEnglishVoiceFallback: boolean
-} {
-  const v = PIPER_VOICE_BY_APP_LANGUAGE[lang]
-  if (v) {
-    return { voice: v, usedEnglishVoiceFallback: false }
-  }
-  return {
-    voice: PIPER_FALLBACK_ENGLISH_VOICE,
-    usedEnglishVoiceFallback: lang !== 'en'
-  }
-}

src/lib/read-aloud.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { ExtendedKind, READ_ALOUD_TTS_URL } from '@/constants'
 import i18n, { LocalizedLanguageNames, normalizeToSupportedAppLanguage, type TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
 import { getNoteTranslation } from '@/lib/note-translation-display'
-import { getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage } from '@/lib/piper-voice-for-app-language'
+import { getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage, isTrinityLanguageCode } from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
 import { takeReadAloudTranslationForEvent } from '@/lib/read-aloud-translation-override'
 import {
   buildPiperTtsCacheKey,
@@ -705,12 +705,15 @@ export async function speakNoteReadAloud(event: Event): Promise<ReadAloudResult>
 
   const title = readAloudTitleFromEvent(event)
 
-  const chosenReadAloudLang: TLanguage =
+  const chosenReadAloudLang: string =
     persistedTranslation?.lang ?? normalizeToSupportedAppLanguage(i18n.language || 'en')
   const { voice: piperVoice, usedEnglishVoiceFallback } =
     getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage(chosenReadAloudLang)
   const piperVoiceRequestedLanguageName = usedEnglishVoiceFallback
-    ? LocalizedLanguageNames[chosenReadAloudLang]
+    ? (persistedTranslation?.langLabel ??
+        (isTrinityLanguageCode(chosenReadAloudLang)
+          ? LocalizedLanguageNames[chosenReadAloudLang]
+          : chosenReadAloudLang))
     : ''
 
   if (READ_ALOUD_TTS_URL) {

src/lib/translate-note-for-menu.ts

@@ -5,17 +5,11 @@ import {
   type AdvancedLabMarkupMode
 } from '@/lib/advanced-lab-markup-protect'
 import { getLongFormArticleMetadataFromEvent } from '@/lib/event-metadata'
-import type { TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
+import { normalizeTranslateLangCode } from '@/lib/translate-client'
 import type { Event } from 'nostr-tools'
 
 const CHUNK_MAX = 2500
 
-/** Map app UI locale codes to LibreTranslate `target` codes where they differ. */
-export function translateTargetFromAppLanguage(code: TLanguage): string {
-  if (code === 'pt-BR' || code === 'pt-PT') return 'pt'
-  return code
-}
-
 function looksLikeStringifiedJsonObject(content: string): boolean {
   const trimmed = content.trim()
   if (
@@ -74,11 +68,14 @@ async function translateLongProtectedBody(
   return blocks.join('\n')
 }
 
+/**
+ * @param targetCode LibreTranslate target as returned by `/languages` (e.g. `tr`, `zh-CN`).
+ */
 export async function translateNoteForDisplay(
   event: Event,
-  appLang: TLanguage
+  targetCode: string
 ): Promise<{ content: string; title?: string }> {
-  const target = translateTargetFromAppLanguage(appLang)
+  const target = normalizeTranslateLangCode(targetCode)
   const markupMode: AdvancedLabMarkupMode = isAsciidocMarkupKind(event.kind) ? 'asciidoc' : 'markdown'
   const meta = getLongFormArticleMetadataFromEvent(event)
   const origTitle = meta.title?.trim()

src/lib/trinity-languages.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing } from '@/lib/trinity-languages'
+
+describe('filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing', () => {
+  it('dedupes by LanguageTool grammar code and prefers shorter API codes', () => {
+    const list = filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing([
+      { code: 'zh-CN', name: 'Chinese (Simplified)' },
+      { code: 'zh', name: 'Chinese' },
+      { code: 'de', name: 'German' }
+    ])
+    expect(list.map((l) => l.code).sort()).toEqual(['de', 'zh'])
+  })
+
+  it('drops codes with no LT pairing', () => {
+    const list = filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing([
+      { code: 'en', name: 'English' },
+      { code: 'zz-fake', name: 'Fake' }
+    ])
+    expect(list.map((l) => l.code)).toEqual(['en'])
+  })
+})

src/lib/trinity-languages.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/**
+ * Piper “native” voices: codes with an entry in `TRINITY_PIPER_VOICE` match `getVoiceForLanguage` in
+ * `services/piper-tts-proxy/server.ts`. Read-aloud uses {@link getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage}: native
+ * Piper for those codes, **English Piper** for every other translate target.
+ *
+ * **Translate UIs** (note menu, Advanced lab) list languages from LibreTranslate `/languages` that also
+ * have an explicit LanguageTool mapping (`translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing` in
+ * `languagetool-language-order.ts`). That avoids offering targets LT cannot pair with, and avoids
+ * showing “Turkish” when your LibreTranslate image has no `tr` Argos model (the API would error).
+ */
+import type { TranslateLanguageOption } from '@/lib/translate-client'
+import { normalizeTranslateLangCode } from '@/lib/translate-client'
+import {
+  translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing,
+  translateTargetToLanguageToolCode
+} from '@/lib/languagetool-language-order'
+
+export const TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES = [
+  'en',
+  'de',
+  'fr',
+  'es',
+  'ru',
+  'zh',
+  'pl',
+  'nl',
+  'cs',
+  'tr'
+] as const
+
+export type TrinityLanguageCode = (typeof TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES)[number]
+
+const TRINITY_SET = new Set<string>(TRINITY_LANGUAGE_CODES)
+
+/** Piper voice ids — same as `services/piper-tts-proxy/server.ts` `voiceMap`. */
+export const TRINITY_PIPER_VOICE: Record<TrinityLanguageCode, string> = {
+  en: 'en_US-lessac-medium',
+  de: 'de_DE-thorsten-medium',
+  fr: 'fr_FR-siwis-medium',
+  es: 'es_ES-davefx-medium',
+  ru: 'ru_RU-ruslan-medium',
+  zh: 'zh_CN-huayan-medium',
+  pl: 'pl_PL-darkman-medium',
+  nl: 'nl_NL-mls-medium',
+  cs: 'cs_CZ-jirka-medium',
+  tr: 'tr_TR-dfki-medium'
+}
+
+export const TRINITY_FALLBACK_ENGLISH_VOICE = TRINITY_PIPER_VOICE.en
+
+/** Native autonyms / labels for **app UI** locales (General settings); not the full translate menu. */
+export const TRINITY_LANGUAGE_DISPLAY_NAMES: { [K in TrinityLanguageCode]: string } = {
+  en: 'English',
+  de: 'Deutsch',
+  fr: 'Français',
+  es: 'Español',
+  ru: 'Русский',
+  zh: '简体中文',
+  pl: 'Polski',
+  nl: 'Nederlands',
+  cs: 'Čeština',
+  tr: 'Türkçe'
+}
+
+export function isTrinityLanguageCode(s: string): s is TrinityLanguageCode {
+  return TRINITY_SET.has(s as TrinityLanguageCode)
+}
+
+/** Map browser / i18next tag to a trinity app locale (defaults to `en`). */
+export function normalizeBrowserLangToTrinityCode(lng: string): TrinityLanguageCode {
+  const raw = lng.trim().toLowerCase()
+  const first = raw.split(/[-_]/u)[0] ?? 'en'
+  if (isTrinityLanguageCode(first)) return first
+  if (isTrinityLanguageCode(raw)) return raw as TrinityLanguageCode
+  return 'en'
+}
+
+/** LibreTranslate `target` / `source` code (after normalization). */
+export function trinityTranslateTarget(code: string): string {
+  return normalizeTranslateLangCode(code)
+}
+
+/** LanguageTool `language` parameter for grammar. */
+export function trinityLanguageToolCode(code: string): string {
+  return translateTargetToLanguageToolCode(code)
+}
+
+/**
+ * LibreTranslate `/languages` entries that have an explicit LT mapping, deduped by LT grammar code
+ * (one row per LanguageTool language; prefers shorter API codes like `zh` over `zh-CN`).
+ */
+export function filterTranslateLanguagesWithLanguageToolPairing(
+  list: TranslateLanguageOption[]
+): TranslateLanguageOption[] {
+  const withPairing = list.filter((l) => translateCodeHasLanguageToolPairing(l.code))
+  const byLt = new Map<string, TranslateLanguageOption>()
+  for (const l of withPairing) {
+    const lt = translateTargetToLanguageToolCode(l.code)
+    const prev = byLt.get(lt)
+    if (!prev || l.code.trim().length < prev.code.trim().length) {
+      byLt.set(lt, l)
+    }
+  }
+  return Array.from(byLt.values()).sort((a, b) =>
+    a.name.localeCompare(b.name, undefined, { sensitivity: 'base' })
+  )
+}
+
+export function getPiperVoiceForTrinityLanguage(lang: TrinityLanguageCode): {
+  voice: string
+  usedEnglishVoiceFallback: boolean
+} {
+  return {
+    voice: TRINITY_PIPER_VOICE[lang],
+    usedEnglishVoiceFallback: false
+  }
+}
+
+/** Native Piper when we ship a voice; otherwise English Piper (read-aloud / lab). */
+export function getPiperVoiceForChosenLanguage(lang: string): {
+  voice: string
+  usedEnglishVoiceFallback: boolean
+} {
+  if (isTrinityLanguageCode(lang)) {
+    return getPiperVoiceForTrinityLanguage(lang)
+  }
+  return {
+    voice: TRINITY_FALLBACK_ENGLISH_VOICE,
+    usedEnglishVoiceFallback: lang !== 'en'
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * LanguageTool `language` dropdown for the lab: UI language’s LT code, `en-US`, then one entry per
+ * translate target (from the filtered LibreTranslate list).
+ */
+export function buildLabLanguageToolPreferenceList(
+  i18nLanguage: string | undefined,
+  translateLangs: readonly TranslateLanguageOption[]
+): string[] {
+  const ordered: string[] = []
+  const push = (c: string) => {
+    if (!ordered.includes(c)) ordered.push(c)
+  }
+  const raw = (i18nLanguage ?? 'en').trim() || 'en'
+  push(translateTargetToLanguageToolCode(raw))
+  push('en-US')
+  const extras = translateLangs.map((l) => translateTargetToLanguageToolCode(l.code))
+  extras.sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b))
+  for (const c of extras) {
+    push(c)
+  }
+  return ordered
+}

src/pages/secondary/GeneralSettingsPage/index.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ import {
   NOTIFICATION_LIST_STYLE,
   RANDOM_PUBLISH_RELAY_COUNT
 } from '@/constants'
-import { changeAppLanguage, LocalizedLanguageNames, TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
+import { changeAppLanguage, SUPPORTED_APP_LANGUAGE_CODES, TLanguage } from '@/i18n'
+import { LanguageSelectOptionLines } from '@/lib/language-select-option-lines'
 import SecondaryPageLayout from '@/layouts/SecondaryPageLayout'
 import { usePrimaryNoteView } from '@/contexts/primary-note-view-context'
 import { cn, isSupportCheckConnectionType } from '@/lib/utils'
@@ -78,13 +79,13 @@ const GeneralSettingsPage = forwardRef(({ index, hideTitlebar = false }: { index
             {t('Languages')}
           </Label>
           <Select defaultValue="en" value={language} onValueChange={handleLanguageChange}>
-            <SelectTrigger id="languages" className="w-48">
+            <SelectTrigger id="languages" className="min-w-[14rem] w-auto max-w-[min(100vw,22rem)]">
               <SelectValue />
             </SelectTrigger>
-            <SelectContent>
-              {Object.entries(LocalizedLanguageNames).map(([key, value]) => (
+            <SelectContent className="min-w-[var(--radix-select-trigger-width)]">
+              {SUPPORTED_APP_LANGUAGE_CODES.map((key) => (
                 <SelectItem key={key} value={key}>
-                  {value}
+                  <LanguageSelectOptionLines tag={key} />
                 </SelectItem>
               ))}
             </SelectContent>

src/types/index.d.ts

@@ -171,8 +171,6 @@ export type TAccountPointer = Pick<TAccount, 'pubkey' | 'signerType'>
 export type TFeedType = 'relays' | 'relay' | 'all-favorites'
 export type TFeedInfo = { feedType: TFeedType; id?: string }
 
-export type TLanguage = 'en' | 'zh' | 'pl'
-
 export type TImetaInfo = {
   url: string
   blurHash?: string